{"id":87419,"date":"2025-08-06T06:00:19","date_gmt":"2025-08-06T10:00:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/?p=87419"},"modified":"2025-08-05T17:42:34","modified_gmt":"2025-08-05T21:42:34","slug":"what-is-latin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/daily\/ancient-cultures\/ancient-rome\/what-is-latin\/","title":{"rendered":"What Is Latin?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"attachment_87423\" style=\"width: 410px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/?attachment_id=87423\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-87420\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-87423\" class=\"wp-image-87423 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/wp-content\/smush-avif\/2024\/08\/Pilate-inscription-closeup-tb032014601-300x199.jpg.avif\" alt=\"What is latin?\" width=\"400\" height=\"265\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/wp-content\/smush-avif\/2024\/08\/Pilate-inscription-closeup-tb032014601-300x199.jpg.avif 300w, https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/wp-content\/smush-avif\/2024\/08\/Pilate-inscription-closeup-tb032014601-1024x678.jpg.avif 1024w, https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/wp-content\/smush-avif\/2024\/08\/Pilate-inscription-closeup-tb032014601-768x509.jpg.avif 768w, https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/wp-content\/smush-avif\/2024\/08\/Pilate-inscription-closeup-tb032014601-1536x1017.jpg.avif 1536w, https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/wp-content\/smush-avif\/2024\/08\/Pilate-inscription-closeup-tb032014601-2048x1356.jpg.avif 2048w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 400px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 400\/265;\" data-original-sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" data-smush-avif-fallback=\"{&quot;data-src&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/08\\\/Pilate-inscription-closeup-tb032014601-300x199.jpg&quot;,&quot;data-srcset&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/08\\\/Pilate-inscription-closeup-tb032014601-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\\\/\\\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/08\\\/Pilate-inscription-closeup-tb032014601-1024x678.jpg 1024w, https:\\\/\\\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/08\\\/Pilate-inscription-closeup-tb032014601-768x509.jpg 768w, https:\\\/\\\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/08\\\/Pilate-inscription-closeup-tb032014601-1536x1017.jpg 1536w, https:\\\/\\\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/08\\\/Pilate-inscription-closeup-tb032014601-2048x1356.jpg 2048w&quot;}\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-87423\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">What is Latin? This Latin inscription, often called the Pilate Stone, records Pontius Pilate&#8217;s dedication of a temple to Emperor Tiberius. <em>Courtesy <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bibleplaces.com\/matthew-photo-companion-to-the-bible\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Photo Companion to the Bible, Matthew<\/a>. <\/em><\/p><\/div>\n<p>Although the original biblical texts were written mostly in Hebrew or Greek, there is no denying that Latin was one of the most important languages of the biblical world. Indeed, many Jews and early Christians living within the Roman Empire would have spoken and read Latin, and it would have been familiar to and perhaps the first language of many in the early church. While it does not seem that the Roman Empire shared a single language, Latin was certainly the language of Rome\u2014the language of politicians, administrators, and soldiers. In the eastern part of the empire\u2014the Greek-speaking world\u2014Latin never obtained the dominance it had in the West, but it was still known and read.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n\n\t\t<div id=\"mailing_list_ebook_page\">\n\n\t\t\t<div class='gravity_form_mailing_list'>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"downloadFormSec esolshortwrap\">\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"row\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-md-3 col-sm-3 mb-4 mb-md-0\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src='https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/wp-content\/smush-avif\/2014\/01\/holy-bible-buyers-guide-ebook.jpg.avif' class='esolsetnewimg smush-dimensions lazyload' width='160' style='--smush-image-width: 160px; --smush-image-aspect-ratio: 160\/213;' src='data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==' data-srcset='https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/wp-content\/smush-avif\/2014\/01\/holy-bible-buyers-guide-ebook.jpg.avif 160w, 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*\/\n<\/script>\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\t\t<!-- download link -->\n\t\t\n\t\t<div id=\"eBook_download_link\" name=\"eBook_download_link\">\n\n\t\t\t<button onclick=\"location.href='https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Bible-Buyers-Guide-revised-2020-2.pdf'\">DOWNLOAD EBOOK<\/button>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<hr \/>\n<h4>History of Latin<\/h4>\n<p>Latin is in the Italic group of the Indo-European language family, first spoken by small tribes of people called the Latini who lived along the lower Tiber River. Called Latium, it was in this area that a small pastoral town in the hills would grow to become the capital of the vast Roman Empire. Rome\u2019s location at the only convenient crossing point close to the mouth of the Tiber\u2014a location valuable for both commercial and strategic reasons\u2014may have helped Rome become the region\u2019s dominant political entity. Whatever the reason, Rome\u2019s political dominance led to the spread of the Latin language. Similar to how Attic Greek became the dominant Greek dialect as Athens gained power, Latin\u2019s prominence rose with the spread of Roman power; first in Italy, then the rest of western and southern Europe and beyond.<\/p>\n<p>Unlike its Greek contemporaries, early Latin literature is fragmentary at best and shows only a rough, accentual native meter called Saturnian, a few comedic skits, and a practical prose used for speeches and administrative documents. However, once the expansion of Roman power brought Latin speakers into the sphere of Greek civilization in the third century BCE, a cultural revolution began as Roman writers started to travel to Greece and were immersed in Greek literature. Greek literary forms, meters, rhetorical devices, and ideas had a long-lasting influence on Latin literature as Roman writing developed its own unique characteristics.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_87421\" style=\"width: 277px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/daily\/ancient-cultures\/ancient-rome\/what-is-latin\/attachment\/osama-sm-amin\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-87421\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-87421\" class=\"wp-image-87421 size-medium lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/wp-content\/smush-avif\/2024\/08\/Image-1_Hawara_Papyrus_24_with_line_of_Virgils_Aeneid_1st_century_CE-267x300.jpg.avif\" alt=\"Latin inscription\" width=\"267\" height=\"300\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/wp-content\/smush-avif\/2024\/08\/Image-1_Hawara_Papyrus_24_with_line_of_Virgils_Aeneid_1st_century_CE-267x300.jpg.avif 267w, https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/wp-content\/smush-avif\/2024\/08\/Image-1_Hawara_Papyrus_24_with_line_of_Virgils_Aeneid_1st_century_CE-910x1024.jpg.avif 910w, https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/wp-content\/smush-avif\/2024\/08\/Image-1_Hawara_Papyrus_24_with_line_of_Virgils_Aeneid_1st_century_CE-768x864.jpg.avif 768w, https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/wp-content\/smush-avif\/2024\/08\/Image-1_Hawara_Papyrus_24_with_line_of_Virgils_Aeneid_1st_century_CE-1365x1536.jpg.avif 1365w, https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/wp-content\/smush-avif\/2024\/08\/Image-1_Hawara_Papyrus_24_with_line_of_Virgils_Aeneid_1st_century_CE-1820x2048.jpg.avif 1820w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 267px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 267\/300;\" data-original-sizes=\"(max-width: 267px) 100vw, 267px\" data-smush-avif-fallback=\"{&quot;data-src&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/08\\\/Image-1_Hawara_Papyrus_24_with_line_of_Virgils_Aeneid_1st_century_CE-267x300.jpg&quot;,&quot;data-srcset&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/08\\\/Image-1_Hawara_Papyrus_24_with_line_of_Virgils_Aeneid_1st_century_CE-267x300.jpg 267w, https:\\\/\\\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/08\\\/Image-1_Hawara_Papyrus_24_with_line_of_Virgils_Aeneid_1st_century_CE-910x1024.jpg 910w, https:\\\/\\\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/08\\\/Image-1_Hawara_Papyrus_24_with_line_of_Virgils_Aeneid_1st_century_CE-768x864.jpg 768w, https:\\\/\\\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/08\\\/Image-1_Hawara_Papyrus_24_with_line_of_Virgils_Aeneid_1st_century_CE-1365x1536.jpg 1365w, https:\\\/\\\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/08\\\/Image-1_Hawara_Papyrus_24_with_line_of_Virgils_Aeneid_1st_century_CE-1820x2048.jpg 1820w&quot;}\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-87421\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hawara Papyrus 24, a first-century CE text with a line from Virgil\u2019s Aeneid repeated seven times. This fragment of papyrus is one of the earliest surviving manuscripts of the Aeneid. <em>Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin FRCP(Glasg)\/Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license<\/em>.<\/p><\/div>\n<h5>Ciceronian period<\/h5>\n<p>The first century leading up to the formation of the Roman Empire was an important time in the history of Latin, as Roman writers perfected their literary arts. The works of the Ciceronian period (80\u201343 BCE) were produced during a period of civil war, dictatorships, and political unrest. Many great writers, such as Cicero, Catullus, and even Julius Caesar himself, produced great literary works during this period.<\/p>\n<h5>Augustan period<\/h5>\n<p>During the Augustan period (43 BCE\u201314 CE), the newly crowned Augustus sought to use literature and the arts as a way to bury the political turmoil of the previous decades and look to the future of his <em>Pax Romana <\/em>(\u201cRoman Peace\u201d). Under his patronage, the poets Virgil and Horace crafted pinnacles of Latin literature, still read by many today. Also prominent during this period were famous writers such as Livy and Ovid.<\/p>\n<h5>Post-Augustan period<\/h5>\n<p>The Post-Augustan period (14\u2013138 CE) saw the rise of more political intrigues, as the Julio-Claudian dynasty had its ups and downs with imperial rule. This is well reflected in the writings of Roman literary greats, such as Seneca and Petronius and the later writers Pliny the Younger, Tacitus, and Juvenal.<\/p>\n<h5>Patristic period<\/h5>\n<p>During the Patristic period (late second\u2013fifth centuries CE), much of Latin literature was written by early Christian leaders known as the Church Fathers. This group included the likes of Tertullian, Jerome, Ambrose, and Augustine. Many of these men were well educated and fond of the classical authors who came before them. Jerome, in particular, is famous for producing the Latin translation of the Bible known as the Vulgate\u2014named for the \u201cVulgar Latin\u201d in which it was written. Much like <a href=\"https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/daily\/people-cultures-in-the-bible\/what-is-biblical-greek\/\">Koine Greek<\/a> (the language of the New Testament), this was the Latin people commonly spoke, as opposed to high literary Latin.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_87422\" style=\"width: 260px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/daily\/ancient-cultures\/ancient-rome\/what-is-latin\/attachment\/image-2_codex-amiatinus-gospel-of-mark-chapt-1\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-87422\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-87422\" class=\"wp-image-87422 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/wp-content\/smush-avif\/2024\/08\/Image-2_Codex-Amiatinus-Gospel-of-Mark-chapt-1-205x300.jpg.avif\" alt=\"Gospel of Mark in Latin\" width=\"250\" height=\"365\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/wp-content\/smush-avif\/2024\/08\/Image-2_Codex-Amiatinus-Gospel-of-Mark-chapt-1-205x300.jpg.avif 205w, https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/wp-content\/smush-avif\/2024\/08\/Image-2_Codex-Amiatinus-Gospel-of-Mark-chapt-1-701x1024.jpg.avif 701w, https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/wp-content\/smush-avif\/2024\/08\/Image-2_Codex-Amiatinus-Gospel-of-Mark-chapt-1-768x1122.jpg.avif 768w, https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/wp-content\/smush-avif\/2024\/08\/Image-2_Codex-Amiatinus-Gospel-of-Mark-chapt-1.jpg.avif 857w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 250px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 250\/365;\" data-original-sizes=\"(max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" data-smush-avif-fallback=\"{&quot;data-src&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/08\\\/Image-2_Codex-Amiatinus-Gospel-of-Mark-chapt-1-205x300.jpg&quot;,&quot;data-srcset&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/08\\\/Image-2_Codex-Amiatinus-Gospel-of-Mark-chapt-1-205x300.jpg 205w, https:\\\/\\\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/08\\\/Image-2_Codex-Amiatinus-Gospel-of-Mark-chapt-1-701x1024.jpg 701w, https:\\\/\\\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/08\\\/Image-2_Codex-Amiatinus-Gospel-of-Mark-chapt-1-768x1122.jpg 768w, https:\\\/\\\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/08\\\/Image-2_Codex-Amiatinus-Gospel-of-Mark-chapt-1.jpg 857w&quot;}\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-87422\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Opening page of the Gospel of Mark from the Codex Amiatinus, one of the best preserved and earliest complete one-volume Vulgate manuscripts to survive. It was created around 700 CE at the Benedictine Monkwearmouth-Jarrow Abbey in northeast England. <em>Public Domain<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n<p>Even as the Western Roman Empire crumbled and fell, Latin remained an important administrative and political language in Europe for the next thousand years. Over the following centuries, Vulgar Latin evolved into the various Romance languages spoken across the lands of the former Roman Empire up to this day. These include French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, and Romanian. Latin survived as the language of the church and the intellectual world of the Middle Ages.<\/p>\n<h4>Breaking Down Latin<\/h4>\n<p>Classical Latin regularly used six cases in the declension (variations in the form of a noun, pronoun, or adjective, which identify its grammatical case, number, and gender) of nouns and adjectives. These cases are nominative, vocative, genitive, dative, accusative, and ablative, with occasional uses of a locative case. Case endings applied to the ends of nouns and adjectives identify which case\/number\/gender a word should have.<\/p>\n<p>Verbs in Latin exhibit five characteristics: person, number, tense, mood, and voice. Like nouns and adjectives, endings are added to Latin infinitives (conjugated) to indicate person and number, and these endings differ depending on which tense and voice is being used.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><small><em>This article was first published in Bible History Daily on August 7, 2024.<\/em><\/small><\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h4 style=\"margin-bottom: 1em;\">Related reading in\u00a0<em>Bible History Daily<\/em><\/h4>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"MHpk6kTEgK\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/uncategorized\/what-is-aramaic\/\">What Is Aramaic?<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;What Is Aramaic?&#8221; &#8212; Biblical Archaeology Society\" src=\"https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/uncategorized\/what-is-aramaic\/embed\/#?secret=aQ5DvWCxc1#?secret=MHpk6kTEgK\" data-secret=\"MHpk6kTEgK\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"DNHSQMgdP1\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/daily\/ancient-cultures\/what-is-akkadian\/\">What Is Akkadian?<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;What Is Akkadian?&#8221; &#8212; Biblical Archaeology Society\" src=\"https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/daily\/ancient-cultures\/what-is-akkadian\/embed\/#?secret=BtVERWC7Rg#?secret=DNHSQMgdP1\" data-secret=\"DNHSQMgdP1\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"yGIS5sskkY\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/daily\/latin-over-aramaic\/\">Latin Over Aramaic?<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;Latin Over Aramaic?&#8221; &#8212; Biblical Archaeology Society\" src=\"https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/daily\/latin-over-aramaic\/embed\/#?secret=b3sL9uBI2j#?secret=yGIS5sskkY\" data-secret=\"yGIS5sskkY\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"margin: 2em 0;\">All-Access members, read more in the\u00a0<em>BAS Library<\/em><\/h4>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"FqYJxvFxUc\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/library.biblicalarchaeology.org\/article\/a-rare-look-at-the-jewish-catacombs-of-rome\/\">A Rare Look at the Jewish Catacombs of Rome<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;A Rare Look at the Jewish Catacombs of Rome&#8221; &#8212; The BAS Library\" src=\"https:\/\/library.biblicalarchaeology.org\/article\/a-rare-look-at-the-jewish-catacombs-of-rome\/embed\/#?secret=Yr2IhRZe8S#?secret=FqYJxvFxUc\" data-secret=\"FqYJxvFxUc\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"xxdpaEfDAh\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/library.biblicalarchaeology.org\/article\/pontius-pilate\/\">Pontius Pilate<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;Pontius Pilate&#8221; &#8212; The BAS Library\" src=\"https:\/\/library.biblicalarchaeology.org\/article\/pontius-pilate\/embed\/#?secret=A8Ipkslslu#?secret=xxdpaEfDAh\" data-secret=\"xxdpaEfDAh\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"CFiq2jVglX\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/library.biblicalarchaeology.org\/article\/peter-in-rome\/\">Peter in Rome<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;Peter in Rome&#8221; &#8212; The BAS Library\" src=\"https:\/\/library.biblicalarchaeology.org\/article\/peter-in-rome\/embed\/#?secret=OpmHp8KUzz#?secret=CFiq2jVglX\" data-secret=\"CFiq2jVglX\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<div style=\"margin: 2em 0;\"><p><strong>Not a <em>BAS<\/em> Library or All-Access Member yet? <a href=\"https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/subscribe-new\/?utm_term=W26009B0\">Join today.<\/a><\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Although the original biblical texts were written mostly in Hebrew or Greek, there is no denying that Latin was one of the most important languages [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":87420,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[16559],"tags":[23248,22930,23250,23247,22481,23249,10721,17199,16454,22221,13722],"class_list":["post-87419","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ancient-rome","tag-augustan","tag-biblical-languages","tag-ciceronian","tag-latin","tag-latin-vulgate","tag-patristic","tag-pontius-pilate","tag-roman","tag-roman-empire","tag-rome","tag-vulgate"],"acf":[],"nelio_content":{"autoShareEndMode":"never","automationSources":{"useCustomSentences":false,"customSentences":[]},"efiAlt":"","efiUrl":"","followers":[23],"highlights":[],"isAutoShareEnabled":true,"networkImageIds":[],"permalinkQueryArgs":[],"series":[],"suggestedReferences":[]},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.1 (Yoast SEO v27.1.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What Is Latin? - Biblical Archaeology Society<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Although the original biblical texts were written mostly in Hebrew or Greek, there is no denying that Latin was one of the most important languages of the biblical world.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/daily\/ancient-cultures\/ancient-rome\/what-is-latin\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What Is Latin?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Although the original biblical texts were written mostly in Hebrew or Greek, there is no denying that Latin was one of the most important languages of the\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/daily\/ancient-cultures\/ancient-rome\/what-is-latin\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Biblical Archaeology Society\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/BibArch\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-08-06T10:00:19+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Pilate-inscription-closeup-tb032014601-scaled.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2560\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1696\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Jennifer Drummond\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@BibArch\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@BibArch\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Jennifer Drummond\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/daily\/ancient-cultures\/ancient-rome\/what-is-latin\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/daily\/ancient-cultures\/ancient-rome\/what-is-latin\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Jennifer Drummond\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/#\/schema\/person\/acd184f428801b0cd0273e154d91cdea\"},\"headline\":\"What Is Latin?\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-08-06T10:00:19+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/daily\/ancient-cultures\/ancient-rome\/what-is-latin\/\"},\"wordCount\":1044,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/daily\/ancient-cultures\/ancient-rome\/what-is-latin\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Pontius-Pilate-limestone-dedicatory-inscription-AD-26-36-from-Caesarea-Bible-Places-scaled.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Augustan\",\"Biblical Languages\",\"Ciceronian\",\"Latin\",\"Latin Vulgate\",\"Patristic\",\"pontius pilate\",\"Roman\",\"Roman Empire\",\"Rome\",\"vulgate\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Ancient Rome\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/daily\/ancient-cultures\/ancient-rome\/what-is-latin\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/daily\/ancient-cultures\/ancient-rome\/what-is-latin\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/daily\/ancient-cultures\/ancient-rome\/what-is-latin\/\",\"name\":\"What Is Latin? 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This Latin inscription, often called the Pilate Stone, is the only extra-biblical mention of Pontius Pilate, the Roman prefect who oversaw Jesus\u2019s trial and crucifixion. Dating to the time of Pilate\u2019s prefecture, it was discovered at Caesarea Maritima and records his dedication of a temple to the Emperor Tiberius. The inscription is now housed in the Israel Museum in Jerusalem. 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